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	<title>EvoLudoLab: Spatial 2x2 Game - Bistability - Revision history</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://wiki.evoludo.org/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=EvoLudoLab%3A_Spatial_2x2_Game_-_Bistability"/>
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	<updated>2026-04-24T15:25:15Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.evoludo.org/index.php?title=EvoLudoLab:_Spatial_2x2_Game_-_Bistability&amp;diff=2943&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Hauert at 21:51, 12 August 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.evoludo.org/index.php?title=EvoLudoLab:_Spatial_2x2_Game_-_Bistability&amp;diff=2943&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-08-12T21:51:16Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 14:51, 12 August 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{EvoLudoLab:2x2|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{EvoLudoLab:2x2|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;options=&quot;--module 2x2 --run --delay 200 --view 0 --timestep 2 --popsize 100x --popupdate async --playerupdate imitate-better --geometry m --interactions all --references r1 --&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;inittype &lt;/del&gt;frequencies 55,45 --paymatrix 1,-0.54;0.9,0&quot;|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;options=&quot;--module 2x2 --run --delay 200 --view 0 --timestep 2 --popsize 100x --popupdate async --playerupdate imitate-better --geometry m --interactions all --references r1 --&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;init &lt;/ins&gt;frequencies 55,45 --paymatrix 1,-0.54;0.9,0&quot;|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;title=Bistability|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;title=Bistability|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;doc=In well-mixed populations either type \(A\) or type \(B\) players thrive and take over the entire population. In spatial populations the same holds but the odds are hugely in favor of \(A\) types because they no longer need to exceed the threshold frequency on a global scale but rather only locally. Therefore, provided that a sufficiently big initial cluster of \(A\)&amp;#039;s exists, ensures their survival and seeds their victory. Otherwise they quickly disappear within the first few generations.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;doc=In well-mixed populations either type \(A\) or type \(B\) players thrive and take over the entire population. In spatial populations the same holds but the odds are hugely in favor of \(A\) types because they no longer need to exceed the threshold frequency on a global scale but rather only locally. Therefore, provided that a sufficiently big initial cluster of \(A\)&amp;#039;s exists, ensures their survival and seeds their victory. Otherwise they quickly disappear within the first few generations.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hauert</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.evoludo.org/index.php?title=EvoLudoLab:_Spatial_2x2_Game_-_Bistability&amp;diff=2810&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Hauert at 21:24, 4 August 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.evoludo.org/index.php?title=EvoLudoLab:_Spatial_2x2_Game_-_Bistability&amp;diff=2810&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-08-04T21:24:55Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 14:24, 4 August 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{EvoLudoLab:2x2|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{EvoLudoLab:2x2|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;options=&quot;--&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;game &lt;/del&gt;2x2 --run --delay 200 --view 0 --&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;reportfreq 1.0 &lt;/del&gt;--popsize 100x --popupdate async --playerupdate imitate --geometry m --&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;intertype a --numinter 1 &lt;/del&gt;--references &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;a --init 45,55 &lt;/del&gt;--inittype frequencies --&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;mutation 0.0 --basefit &lt;/del&gt;1&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;.0 -&lt;/del&gt;-&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;selection 1.&lt;/del&gt;0 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;--reward 1&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;0 --punishment 0.0 --temptation &lt;/del&gt;0.9 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;--sucker -&lt;/del&gt;0&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;.6&lt;/del&gt;&quot;|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;options=&quot;--&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;module &lt;/ins&gt;2x2 --run --delay 200 --view 0 --&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;timestep 2 &lt;/ins&gt;--popsize 100x --popupdate async --playerupdate imitate&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;-better &lt;/ins&gt;--geometry m --&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;interactions all &lt;/ins&gt;--references &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;r1 &lt;/ins&gt;--inittype frequencies &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;55,45 &lt;/ins&gt;--&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;paymatrix &lt;/ins&gt;1&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/ins&gt;-0.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;54;&lt;/ins&gt;0.9&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/ins&gt;0&quot;|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;title=Bistability|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;title=Bistability|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;doc=In well-mixed populations either type \(A\) or type \(B\) players thrive and take over the entire population. In spatial populations the same holds but the odds are hugely in favor of \(A\) types because they no longer need to exceed the threshold frequency on a global scale but rather only locally. Therefore, provided that a sufficiently big initial cluster of \(A\)&amp;#039;s exists, ensures their survival and seeds their victory. Otherwise they quickly disappear within the first few generations.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;doc=In well-mixed populations either type \(A\) or type \(B\) players thrive and take over the entire population. In spatial populations the same holds but the odds are hugely in favor of \(A\) types because they no longer need to exceed the threshold frequency on a global scale but rather only locally. Therefore, provided that a sufficiently big initial cluster of \(A\)&amp;#039;s exists, ensures their survival and seeds their victory. Otherwise they quickly disappear within the first few generations.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hauert</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.evoludo.org/index.php?title=EvoLudoLab:_Spatial_2x2_Game_-_Bistability&amp;diff=2743&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Hauert at 23:05, 13 October 2023</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.evoludo.org/index.php?title=EvoLudoLab:_Spatial_2x2_Game_-_Bistability&amp;diff=2743&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2023-10-13T23:05:43Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 16:05, 13 October 2023&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{EvoLudoLab:2x2|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{EvoLudoLab:2x2|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;options=&quot;--run --delay 200 --view 0 --reportfreq 1.0 --popsize 100x --popupdate &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;r &lt;/del&gt;--playerupdate &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;i --updateprob 1.0 --switchpref 0.0 &lt;/del&gt;--geometry m --intertype &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;a1 &lt;/del&gt;--numinter 1 --&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;reprotype a8 &lt;/del&gt;--&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;initfreqs &lt;/del&gt;45&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/del&gt;55 --mutation 0.0 --basefit 1.0 --selection 1.0 --reward 1.0 --punishment 0.0 --temptation 0.9 --sucker -0.6&quot;|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;options=&quot;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;--game 2x2 &lt;/ins&gt;--run --delay 200 --view 0 --reportfreq 1.0 --popsize 100x --popupdate &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;async &lt;/ins&gt;--playerupdate &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;imitate &lt;/ins&gt;--geometry m --intertype &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;a &lt;/ins&gt;--numinter 1 --&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;references a &lt;/ins&gt;--&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;init &lt;/ins&gt;45&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/ins&gt;55 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;--inittype frequencies &lt;/ins&gt;--mutation 0.0 --basefit 1.0 --selection 1.0 --reward 1.0 --punishment 0.0 --temptation 0.9 --sucker -0.6&quot;|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;title=Bistability|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;title=Bistability|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;doc=In well-mixed populations either type \(A\) or type \(B\) players thrive and take over the entire population. In spatial populations the same holds but the odds are hugely in favor of \(A\) types because they no longer need to exceed the threshold frequency on a global scale but rather only locally. Therefore, a sufficiently big initial cluster of \(A\)&#039;s exists, ensures their survival and seeds their victory&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, or, &lt;/del&gt;they quickly disappear within the first few generations.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;doc=In well-mixed populations either type \(A\) or type \(B\) players thrive and take over the entire population. In spatial populations the same holds but the odds are hugely in favor of \(A\) types because they no longer need to exceed the threshold frequency on a global scale but rather only locally. Therefore, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;provided that &lt;/ins&gt;a sufficiently big initial cluster of \(A\)&#039;s exists, ensures their survival and seeds their victory&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;. Otherwise &lt;/ins&gt;they quickly disappear within the first few generations.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The bi-stability of this system is nicely illustrated when running the above setting several times. Sometimes the system converges to all cooperators and sometimes all defectors. The parameters are set to \(R = 1, P = 0, T = 0.9\) and \(S = -0.54\) with Moore neighborhood and players imitating better strategies proportional to the payoff difference and an initial fraction of 50% \(A\)&amp;#039;s.}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The bi-stability of this system is nicely illustrated when running the above setting several times. Sometimes the system converges to all cooperators and sometimes all defectors. The parameters are set to \(R = 1, P = 0, T = 0.9\) and \(S = -0.54\) with Moore neighborhood and players imitating better strategies proportional to the payoff difference and an initial fraction of 50% \(A\)&amp;#039;s.}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category: Christoph Hauert]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category: Christoph Hauert]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hauert</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.evoludo.org/index.php?title=EvoLudoLab:_Spatial_2x2_Game_-_Bistability&amp;diff=2274&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Hauert at 16:26, 12 June 2012</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.evoludo.org/index.php?title=EvoLudoLab:_Spatial_2x2_Game_-_Bistability&amp;diff=2274&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2012-06-12T16:26:48Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 09:26, 12 June 2012&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;VirtualLab&lt;/del&gt;:2x2|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;EvoLudoLab&lt;/ins&gt;:2x2|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;options=&amp;quot;--run --delay 200 --view 0 --reportfreq 1.0 --popsize 100x --popupdate r --playerupdate i --updateprob 1.0 --switchpref 0.0 --geometry m --intertype a1 --numinter 1 --reprotype a8 --initfreqs 45:55 --mutation 0.0 --basefit 1.0 --selection 1.0 --reward 1.0 --punishment 0.0 --temptation 0.9 --sucker -0.6&amp;quot;|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;options=&amp;quot;--run --delay 200 --view 0 --reportfreq 1.0 --popsize 100x --popupdate r --playerupdate i --updateprob 1.0 --switchpref 0.0 --geometry m --intertype a1 --numinter 1 --reprotype a8 --initfreqs 45:55 --mutation 0.0 --basefit 1.0 --selection 1.0 --reward 1.0 --punishment 0.0 --temptation 0.9 --sucker -0.6&amp;quot;|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;title=Bistability|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;title=Bistability|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;doc=In well-mixed populations either type &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;A&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; &lt;/del&gt;or type &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;B&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; &lt;/del&gt;players thrive and take over the entire population. In spatial populations the same holds but the odds are hugely in favor of &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;A&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; &lt;/del&gt;types because they no longer need to exceed the threshold frequency on a global scale but rather only locally. Therefore, a sufficiently big initial cluster of &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;A&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&#039;s exists, ensures their survival and seeds their victory, or, they quickly disappear within the first few generations.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;doc=In well-mixed populations either type &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\(&lt;/ins&gt;A&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\) &lt;/ins&gt;or type &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\(&lt;/ins&gt;B&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\) &lt;/ins&gt;players thrive and take over the entire population. In spatial populations the same holds but the odds are hugely in favor of &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\(&lt;/ins&gt;A&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\) &lt;/ins&gt;types because they no longer need to exceed the threshold frequency on a global scale but rather only locally. Therefore, a sufficiently big initial cluster of &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\(&lt;/ins&gt;A&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\)&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;s exists, ensures their survival and seeds their victory, or, they quickly disappear within the first few generations.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The bi-stability of this system is nicely illustrated when running the above setting several times. Sometimes the system converges to all cooperators and sometimes all defectors. The parameters are set to &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;R = 1, P = 0, T = 0.9&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; &lt;/del&gt;and &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;S = -0.54&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; &lt;/del&gt;with Moore neighborhood and players imitating better strategies proportional to the payoff difference and an initial fraction of 50% &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;A&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&#039;s.}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The bi-stability of this system is nicely illustrated when running the above setting several times. Sometimes the system converges to all cooperators and sometimes all defectors. The parameters are set to &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\(&lt;/ins&gt;R = 1, P = 0, T = 0.9&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\) &lt;/ins&gt;and &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\(&lt;/ins&gt;S = -0.54&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\) &lt;/ins&gt;with Moore neighborhood and players imitating better strategies proportional to the payoff difference and an initial fraction of 50% &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\(&lt;/ins&gt;A&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\)&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;s.}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category: Christoph Hauert]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category: Christoph Hauert]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hauert</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.evoludo.org/index.php?title=EvoLudoLab:_Spatial_2x2_Game_-_Bistability&amp;diff=768&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Hauert: moved VirtualLab: Spatial 2x2 Game - Bistability to EvoLudoLab: Spatial 2x2 Game - Bistability</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.evoludo.org/index.php?title=EvoLudoLab:_Spatial_2x2_Game_-_Bistability&amp;diff=768&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2010-01-26T09:45:20Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;moved &lt;a href=&quot;/index.php?title=VirtualLab:_Spatial_2x2_Game_-_Bistability&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; class=&quot;new&quot; title=&quot;VirtualLab: Spatial 2x2 Game - Bistability (page does not exist)&quot;&gt;VirtualLab: Spatial 2x2 Game - Bistability&lt;/a&gt; to &lt;a href=&quot;/index.php?title=EvoLudoLab:_Spatial_2x2_Game_-_Bistability&quot; title=&quot;EvoLudoLab: Spatial 2x2 Game - Bistability&quot;&gt;EvoLudoLab: Spatial 2x2 Game - Bistability&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 02:45, 26 January 2010&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-notice&quot; lang=&quot;en-CA&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mw-diff-empty&quot;&gt;(No difference)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hauert</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.evoludo.org/index.php?title=EvoLudoLab:_Spatial_2x2_Game_-_Bistability&amp;diff=456&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Wikiadmin: New page: {{VirtualLab:2x2| options=&quot;--run --delay 200 --view 0 --reportfreq 1.0 --popsize 100x --popupdate r --playerupdate i --updateprob 1.0 --switchpref 0.0 --geometry m --intertype a1 --numinte...</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.evoludo.org/index.php?title=EvoLudoLab:_Spatial_2x2_Game_-_Bistability&amp;diff=456&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2009-02-03T20:24:31Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;New page: {{VirtualLab:2x2| options=&amp;quot;--run --delay 200 --view 0 --reportfreq 1.0 --popsize 100x --popupdate r --playerupdate i --updateprob 1.0 --switchpref 0.0 --geometry m --intertype a1 --numinte...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{VirtualLab:2x2|&lt;br /&gt;
options=&amp;quot;--run --delay 200 --view 0 --reportfreq 1.0 --popsize 100x --popupdate r --playerupdate i --updateprob 1.0 --switchpref 0.0 --geometry m --intertype a1 --numinter 1 --reprotype a8 --initfreqs 45:55 --mutation 0.0 --basefit 1.0 --selection 1.0 --reward 1.0 --punishment 0.0 --temptation 0.9 --sucker -0.6&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
title=Bistability|&lt;br /&gt;
doc=In well-mixed populations either type &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;A&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; or type &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;B&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; players thrive and take over the entire population. In spatial populations the same holds but the odds are hugely in favor of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;A&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; types because they no longer need to exceed the threshold frequency on a global scale but rather only locally. Therefore, a sufficiently big initial cluster of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;A&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&amp;#039;s exists, ensures their survival and seeds their victory, or, they quickly disappear within the first few generations.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The bi-stability of this system is nicely illustrated when running the above setting several times. Sometimes the system converges to all cooperators and sometimes all defectors. The parameters are set to &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;R = 1, P = 0, T = 0.9&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; and &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;S = -0.54&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; with Moore neighborhood and players imitating better strategies proportional to the payoff difference and an initial fraction of 50% &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;A&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&amp;#039;s.}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Christoph Hauert]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Wikiadmin</name></author>
	</entry>
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