EvoLudoLab: Spatial 2x2 Game - Dominance B

Along the bottom of the applet there are several buttons to control the execution and the speed of the simulations - for details see the EvoLudo GUI documentation. Of particular importance are the parameters button and the data views pop-up list along the top. The former opens a panel that allows to set and change various parameters concerning the game as well as the population structure, while the latter displays the simulation data in different ways.

Color code:	Cooperators	Defectors
	New cooperator	New defector

Payoff code:	Low									High

Note: The shades of grey of the payoff scale are augmented by blueish and reddish shades indicating payoffs for mutual cooperation and defection, respectively.

Type B dominates

In well-mixed populations type \(B\) players dominate and take over the population irrespective of the initial configuration. However, in spatially structured populations type \(A\) players can survive by forming clusters and thereby reducing exploiting interactions with type \(B\) players.

This corresponds to the spatial Prisoner's Dilemma. Spatial structure enable cooperators to survive - albeit only for a small parameter range. This demonstrates that cooperative behavior may persist simply by including spatial extensions and without requiring sophisticated strategic behavior. In the absence of spatial structured and localized interactions cooperators would invariably go extinct.

The parameters above are set to \(R = 1, P = 0, T = 1.1\) and \(S = -0.5\) with players imitating better strategies proportional to the payoff difference. Reducing the stochasticity (e.g. by choosing the best-takes-over update rule) leads to higher fractions of cooperators while increasing stochasticity is more likely to result in the extinction of cooperators.

	Data views
Strategies - Structure	Snapshot of the spatial arrangement of strategies.
Strategies - Mean	Time evolution of the strategy frequencies.
Fitness - Structure	Snapshot of the spatial distribution of payoffs.
Fitness - Mean	Time evolution of average population payoff bounded by the minimum and maximum individual payoff.
Fitness - Histogram	Snapshot of payoff distribution in population.
Structure - Degree	Degree distribution in structured populations.
Console log	Message log from engine.

Game parameters

The list below describes only the few parameters related to the Prisoner's Dilemma, Snowdrift and Hawk-Dove games. Follow the link for a complete list and detailed descriptions of the user interface and further parameters such as spatial arrangements or update rules on the player and population level.

Reward

reward for mutual cooperation.

Temptation

temptation to defect, i.e. payoff the defector gets when matched with a cooperator. Without loss of generality two out of the four traditional payoff values \(R, S, T\) and \(P\) can be fixed and set conveniently to \(R = 1\) and \(P = 0\). This means mutual cooperation pays \(1\) and mutual defection zero. For example for the prisoner's dilemma \(T > R > P > S\) must hold, i.e. \(T > 1\) and \(S < 0\).

Sucker

sucker's payoff which denotes the payoff the cooperator gets when matched with a defector.

Punishment

punishment for mutual defection.

Init Coop, init defect

initial fractions of cooperators and defectors. If they do not add up to 100%, the values will be scaled accordingly. Setting the fraction of cooperators to 100% and of defectors to zero, then the lattice is initialized with a symmetrical configuration suitable for observing evolutionary kaleidoscopes.