Parameters/Player

Panel to set the parameters for updating players

Player update

determines the imitation/replication behavior of the players and how their strategies change over time.

best reference

the focal player adopts the best strategy among the players of the sampled reference/model group and keeps it's strategy if no one is performing better. This is a fully deterministic update rule. In special situations, i.e. in the case of ties, two additional rules are required to preserve the deterministic updating. (i) if a reference player has the same score as the focal player then the focal player keeps it's strategy. (ii) if there are more than two strategies and two reference players with different strategies have a higher score than the focal player then the focal player adopts a strategy in a cyclic fashion depending on its current strategy. For example in the voluntary public goods game there are the three strategic types cooperate, defect and loner. A cooperating focal player with defecting and loner reference players that perform equally well but better than the cooperator, switches to the defector strategy. Similarly, a defector switches to loner and a loner to cooperator. This reflects the underlying cyclic dominance of the three strategies. It is important to note that these additional rules can always be avoided by choosing non-degenerate payoff parameters, i.e. parameters where the payoffs of different strategic types always differ.

best-reply

based on the sampled reference/model group of players, the focal player chooses the best performing strategy. This can be any strategy available and is not restricted to the strategy set of the sample group (c.f. best reference updating above). For this reason this is called an innovative update rule. Traditionally, the focal player has complete information on the population composition, i.e. on the abundance of the different strategies in terms of frequencies or numbers. This assumes well-mixed populations, i.e. mean-field scenarios with random pairings of players. In structured populations, however, the pool for sampling reference players is restricted to the local neighborhood.

imitate/replicate (better only)

x

imitate/replicate (linear)

x

imitate proportional to absolute payoff

x

'thermal' update

x

Moran process (birth-death or death-birth)

For population updating based on the Moran process, all the player updating parameters are ignored.

Player update prob

probability that a player reassess and updates its strategic behavior.

Player update noise

This parameter affects only the thermal player update. The player may not have complete information on the exact payoff of the sampled reference/model group of players which leads to uncertainties in the decisions.

Player switching prefs

This parameter affects only the imitate proportional to payoff difference player update. Players may have smaller or larger preferences for switching their strategies. The preference ranges continuously from -1 to +1 where for -1 players never switch and for +1 they switch with certainty whenever at least one better performing player is found in the sampled reference/model group of players.

Scores accounting

x.

Baseline fitness

x.

Selection pressure

x.

Reset fitness

x.